beginnerstepped caremild depressionPHQ-9psychoeducationactive monitoring
A primary care clinic adopts a stepped care model for depression management. A 45-year-old man screens positive on the PHQ-9 with a score of 8, indicating mild depression. He has no prior psychiatric history, no suicidal ideation, and no functional impairment at work. He expresses interest in treatment. According to the stepped care model, what is the most appropriate initial intervention?