beginnerNNTNNHresearch literacyevidence-based practiceabsolute risk reductionclinical trialsshared decision-making
A PMHNP is reviewing a clinical trial comparing a new antidepressant to placebo. The study reports that 60% of patients on the medication achieved remission versus 40% on placebo, yielding a number needed to treat (NNT) of 5. Side effect data shows treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction in 30% of the medication group versus 5% on placebo, yielding a number needed to harm (NNH) of 4. The PMHNP uses these metrics to counsel a patient about whether to start the medication. Which of the following best describes the clinical application of NNT and NNH?