Explanation

Practice authority for PMHNPs is defined at the state level and falls on a spectrum from full practice authority to restricted practice. In full practice authority (FPA) states, PMHNPs can evaluate, diagnose, order diagnostic tests, and prescribe medications — including controlled substances — independently without any physician supervision or collaborative agreement. In reduced practice authority states, a collaborative agreement with a physician is required. In restricted practice states, direct physician supervision is required. Full practice authority refers specifically to independence from physician oversight requirements and does not expand the PMHNP's scope beyond their certification, education, and individual competency.

Key Takeaway

PMHNP practice authority is state-defined and falls on a spectrum from full independence to physician-supervised practice.